Sommario:
1. Lo “stato dell’arte” al momento della riforma Madia: instabilità della materia «servizi pubblici locali di interesse economico generale» e applicazione del diritto europeo.
2. La sentenza della Corte costituzionale n. 251/2016: profili di illegittimità costituzionale dell’art. 19, l. n. 124/2015, sul riordino della disciplina della materia.
3. Il clamore dettato dalla pronuncia e le “singolarità” nel giudizio della Consulta.
4. La leale collaborazione nel procedimento di formazione di norme primarie tra fughe in avanti, “limiti ulteriori” alla delega legislativa e meccanismi provenienti dal passato.
5. «Intreccio inestricabile di competenze», «disciplina unitaria di fenomeni sociali complessi» e necessità della leale collaborazione: un abbandono doveroso del cd. regionalismo duale.
6. I servizi pubblici locali di interesse generale come “fenomeno sociale complesso” nello stato dell’arte alla data della riforma Madia: inevitabile la “lente” della leale collaborazione.
7. Il “fastidio” della leale collaborazione e la “tentazione” della fuga dalla delega: verso una nuova pausa nel vortice della disciplina della materia?
Abstract:
Following the Constitutional Court decision n. 199 of 2012, the discipline
of public local services of general economic interest, after several years of regulatory
changes and uncertainties, became quite steady.
However, the delegation of authority provided by law n. 124 of 2015 (the socalled Madia reform) attempted to further reorganize this field. Yet, this target was not
accomplished: the Constitutional Court declared these provisions void. The Court did
not declared the law unconstitutional as a consequence of the breach of the rules on
shared legislative powers between the State and the Regions, but rather on the basis
of the violation of the principle of loyal cooperation.
The article analyzes the implications of the application of the principle of loyal
cooperation in the field of public local services. On one hand, the principle of loyal
cooperation is required to compose the interests involved in the public administration
reorganization. It is an instrument to cope with legal complexity. On the other, public
local services are a very “complex social phenomenon”, given the plurality of the
institutional levels involved. Thus, the application of the principle of loyal cooperation
is particularly necessary in this field. Compared to it, the principle of competition has
just a subsidiary role. The Constitutional Court has underlined the flexibility of the
principle, which takes different shapes and can be implemented at various degrees
of intensity. The principle is so malleable as to be applied in different situations,
characterized by multiple and various relationships among public administrations.